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<h1 id="curl"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#curl"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>curl</h1>
<p>利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具</p>
<h2 id="补充说明"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#补充说明"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>补充说明</h2>
<p><strong>curl命令</strong> 是一个利用URL规则在命令行下工作的文件传输工具。它支持文件的上传和下载，所以是综合传输工具，但按传统，习惯称curl为下载工具。作为一款强力工具，curl支持包括HTTP、HTTPS、ftp等众多协议，还支持POST、cookies、认证、从指定偏移处下载部分文件、用户代理字符串、限速、文件大小、进度条等特征。做网页处理流程和数据检索自动化，curl可以助一臂之力。</p>
<h3 id="语法"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#语法"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>语法</h3>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">curl<span class="token punctuation">(</span>选项<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>参数<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl(选项)(参数)
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h3 id="选项"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选项"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>选项</h3>
<pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token parameter variable">-a</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--append</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 上传文件时，附加到目标文件 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token parameter variable">-A</span>   --user-agent                               <span class="token comment"># 设置用户代理发送给服务器 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token parameter variable">-anyauth</span>                                        <span class="token comment"># 可以使用“任何”身份验证方法 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token parameter variable">-b</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--cookie</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># cookie字符串或文件读取位置 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">     <span class="token parameter variable">--basic</span>                                    <span class="token comment"># 使用HTTP基本验证 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6"><span class="token parameter variable">-B</span>   --use-ascii                                <span class="token comment"># 使用ASCII /文本传输 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7"><span class="token parameter variable">-c</span>   --cookie-jar                               <span class="token comment"># 操作结束后把cookie写入到这个文件中 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8"><span class="token parameter variable">-C</span>   --continue-at                              <span class="token comment"># 断点续传 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9"><span class="token parameter variable">-d</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--data</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># HTTP POST方式传送数据 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">     --data-ascii                               <span class="token comment"># 以ascii的方式post数据 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">     --data-binary                              <span class="token comment"># 以二进制的方式post数据 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">     <span class="token parameter variable">--negotiate</span>                                <span class="token comment"># 使用HTTP身份验证 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13">     <span class="token parameter variable">--digest</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 使用数字身份验证 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14">     --disable-eprt                             <span class="token comment"># 禁止使用EPRT或LPRT </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="15">     --disable-epsv                             <span class="token comment"># 禁止使用EPSV </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="16"><span class="token parameter variable">-D</span>   --dump-header                              <span class="token comment"># 把header信息写入到该文件中 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="17">     --egd-file                                 <span class="token comment"># 为随机数据(SSL)设置EGD socket路径 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="18">     --tcp-nodelay                              <span class="token comment"># 使用TCP\_NODELAY选项 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="19"><span class="token parameter variable">-e</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--referer</span>                                  <span class="token comment"># 来源网址 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="20"><span class="token parameter variable">-E</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--cert</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 客户端证书文件和密码 (SSL)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="21">     --cert-type                                <span class="token comment"># 证书文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="22">     <span class="token parameter variable">--key</span>                                      <span class="token comment"># 私钥文件名 (SSL)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="23">     --key-type                                 <span class="token comment"># 私钥文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="24">     <span class="token parameter variable">--pass</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 私钥密码 (SSL)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="25">     <span class="token parameter variable">--engine</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 加密引擎使用 (SSL). "--engine list" for list </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="26">     <span class="token parameter variable">--cacert</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># CA证书 (SSL)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="27">     <span class="token parameter variable">--capath</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># CA目录 (made using c\_rehash) to verify peer against (SSL)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="28">     <span class="token parameter variable">--ciphers</span>                                  <span class="token comment"># SSL密码 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="29">     <span class="token parameter variable">--compressed</span>                               <span class="token comment"># 要求返回是压缩的形势 (using deflate or gzip)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="30">     --connect-timeout                          <span class="token comment"># 设置最大请求时间 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="31">     --create-dirs                              <span class="token comment"># 建立本地目录的目录层次结构 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="32">     <span class="token parameter variable">--crlf</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 上传是把LF转变成CRLF </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="33"><span class="token parameter variable">-f</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--fail</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 连接失败时不显示http错误 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="34">     --ftp-create-dirs                          <span class="token comment"># 如果远程目录不存在，创建远程目录 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="35">     --ftp-method <span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>multicwd/nocwd/singlecwd<span class="token punctuation">]</span>   <span class="token comment"># 控制CWD的使用 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="36">     --ftp-pasv                                 <span class="token comment"># 使用 PASV/EPSV 代替端口 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="37">     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip                         <span class="token comment"># 使用PASV的时候,忽略该IP地址 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="38">     --ftp-ssl                                  <span class="token comment"># 尝试用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="39">     --ftp-ssl-reqd                             <span class="token comment"># 要求用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="40"><span class="token parameter variable">-F</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--form</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 模拟http表单提交数据 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="41">     --form-string                              <span class="token comment"># 模拟http表单提交数据 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="42"><span class="token parameter variable">-g</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--globoff</span>                                  <span class="token comment"># 禁用网址序列和范围使用{}和\[] </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="43"><span class="token parameter variable">-G</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--get</span>                                      <span class="token comment"># 以get的方式来发送数据 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="44"><span class="token parameter variable">-H</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--header</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 自定义头信息传递给服务器 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="45">     --ignore-content-length                    <span class="token comment"># 忽略的HTTP头信息的长度 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="46"><span class="token parameter variable">-i</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--include</span>                                  <span class="token comment"># 输出时包括protocol头信息 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="47"><span class="token parameter variable">-I</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--head</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 只显示请求头信息 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="48"><span class="token parameter variable">-j</span>   --junk-session-cookies                     <span class="token comment"># 读取文件进忽略session cookie </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="49">     <span class="token parameter variable">--interface</span>                                <span class="token comment"># 使用指定网络接口/地址 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="50">     <span class="token parameter variable">--krb4</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 使用指定安全级别的krb4 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="51"><span class="token parameter variable">-k</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--insecure</span>                                 <span class="token comment"># 允许不使用证书到SSL站点 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="52"><span class="token parameter variable">-K</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--config</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 指定的配置文件读取 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="53"><span class="token parameter variable">-l</span>   --list-only                                <span class="token comment"># 列出ftp目录下的文件名称 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="54">     --limit-rate                               <span class="token comment"># 设置传输速度 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="55">     --local-port                               <span class="token comment"># 强制使用本地端口号 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="56"><span class="token parameter variable">-m</span>   --max-time                                 <span class="token comment"># 设置最大传输时间 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="57">     --max-redirs                               <span class="token comment"># 设置最大读取的目录数 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="58">     --max-filesize                             <span class="token comment"># 设置最大下载的文件总量 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="59"><span class="token parameter variable">-M</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--manual</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 显示全手动 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="60"><span class="token parameter variable">-n</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--netrc</span>                                    <span class="token comment"># 从netrc文件中读取用户名和密码 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="61">     --netrc-optional                           <span class="token comment"># 使用 .netrc 或者 URL来覆盖-n </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="62">     <span class="token parameter variable">--ntlm</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 使用 HTTP NTLM 身份验证 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="63"><span class="token parameter variable">-N</span>   --no-buffer                                <span class="token comment"># 禁用缓冲输出 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="64"><span class="token parameter variable">-o</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--output</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 把输出写到该文件中 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="65"><span class="token parameter variable">-O</span>   --remote-name                              <span class="token comment"># 把输出写到该文件中，保留远程文件的文件名 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="66"><span class="token parameter variable">-p</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--proxytunnel</span>                              <span class="token comment"># 使用HTTP代理 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="67">     --proxy-anyauth                            <span class="token comment"># 选择任一代理身份验证方法 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="68">     --proxy-basic                              <span class="token comment"># 在代理上使用基本身份验证 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="69">     --proxy-digest                             <span class="token comment"># 在代理上使用数字身份验证 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="70">     --proxy-ntlm                               <span class="token comment"># 在代理上使用ntlm身份验证 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="71"><span class="token parameter variable">-P</span>   --ftp-port                                 <span class="token comment"># 使用端口地址，而不是使用PASV </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="72"><span class="token parameter variable">-q</span>                                              <span class="token comment"># 作为第一个参数，关闭 .curlrc </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="73"><span class="token parameter variable">-Q</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--quote</span>                                    <span class="token comment"># 文件传输前，发送命令到服务器 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="74"><span class="token parameter variable">-r</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--range</span>                                    <span class="token comment"># 检索来自HTTP/1.1或FTP服务器字节范围 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="75">--range-file                                    <span class="token comment"># 读取（SSL）的随机文件 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="76"><span class="token parameter variable">-R</span>   --remote-time                              <span class="token comment"># 在本地生成文件时，保留远程文件时间 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="77">     <span class="token parameter variable">--retry</span>                                    <span class="token comment"># 传输出现问题时，重试的次数 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="78">     --retry-delay                              <span class="token comment"># 传输出现问题时，设置重试间隔时间 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="79">     --retry-max-time                           <span class="token comment"># 传输出现问题时，设置最大重试时间 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="80"><span class="token parameter variable">-s</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--silent</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 静默模式。不输出任何东西 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="81"><span class="token parameter variable">-S</span>   --show-error                               <span class="token comment"># 显示错误 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="82">     <span class="token parameter variable">--socks4</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 用socks4代理给定主机和端口 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="83">     <span class="token parameter variable">--socks5</span>                                   <span class="token comment"># 用socks5代理给定主机和端口 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="84">     <span class="token parameter variable">--stderr</span>                                   <span class="token comment">#   </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="85"><span class="token parameter variable">-t</span>   --telnet-option                            <span class="token comment"># Telnet选项设置 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="86">     <span class="token parameter variable">--trace</span>                                    <span class="token comment"># 对指定文件进行debug </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="87">     --trace-ascii                              <span class="token comment"># Like --跟踪但没有hex输出 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="88">     --trace-time                               <span class="token comment"># 跟踪/详细输出时，添加时间戳 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="89"><span class="token parameter variable">-T</span>   --upload-file                              <span class="token comment"># 上传文件 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="90">     <span class="token parameter variable">--url</span> <span class="token operator">&#x3C;</span>url<span class="token operator">></span>                                <span class="token comment"># 要使用的 URL</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="91"><span class="token parameter variable">-u</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--user</span>                                     <span class="token comment"># 设置服务器的用户和密码 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="92"><span class="token parameter variable">-U</span>   --proxy-user                               <span class="token comment"># 设置代理用户名和密码 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="93"><span class="token parameter variable">-w</span>   --write-out <span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>format<span class="token punctuation">]</span>                      <span class="token comment"># 什么输出完成后 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="94"><span class="token parameter variable">-x</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--proxy</span>                                    <span class="token comment"># 在给定的端口上使用HTTP代理 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="95"><span class="token parameter variable">-X</span>   <span class="token parameter variable">--request</span>                                  <span class="token comment"># 指定什么命令 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="96"><span class="token parameter variable">-y</span>   --speed-time                               <span class="token comment"># 放弃限速所要的时间，默认为30 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="97"><span class="token parameter variable">-Y</span>   --speed-limit                              <span class="token comment"># 停止传输速度的限制，速度时间 </span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="98">
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="-a   --append                                   # 上传文件时，附加到目标文件 
-A   --user-agent                               # 设置用户代理发送给服务器 
-anyauth                                        # 可以使用“任何”身份验证方法 
-b   --cookie                                   # cookie字符串或文件读取位置 
     --basic                                    # 使用HTTP基本验证 
-B   --use-ascii                                # 使用ASCII /文本传输 
-c   --cookie-jar                               # 操作结束后把cookie写入到这个文件中 
-C   --continue-at                              # 断点续传 
-d   --data                                     # HTTP POST方式传送数据 
     --data-ascii                               # 以ascii的方式post数据 
     --data-binary                              # 以二进制的方式post数据 
     --negotiate                                # 使用HTTP身份验证 
     --digest                                   # 使用数字身份验证 
     --disable-eprt                             # 禁止使用EPRT或LPRT 
     --disable-epsv                             # 禁止使用EPSV 
-D   --dump-header                              # 把header信息写入到该文件中 
     --egd-file                                 # 为随机数据(SSL)设置EGD socket路径 
     --tcp-nodelay                              # 使用TCP\_NODELAY选项 
-e   --referer                                  # 来源网址 
-E   --cert                                     # 客户端证书文件和密码 (SSL)
     --cert-type                                # 证书文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --key                                      # 私钥文件名 (SSL)
     --key-type                                 # 私钥文件类型 (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL)
     --pass                                     # 私钥密码 (SSL)
     --engine                                   # 加密引擎使用 (SSL). &#x22;--engine list&#x22; for list 
     --cacert                                   # CA证书 (SSL)
     --capath                                   # CA目录 (made using c\_rehash) to verify peer against (SSL)
     --ciphers                                  # SSL密码 
     --compressed                               # 要求返回是压缩的形势 (using deflate or gzip)
     --connect-timeout                          # 设置最大请求时间 
     --create-dirs                              # 建立本地目录的目录层次结构 
     --crlf                                     # 上传是把LF转变成CRLF 
-f   --fail                                     # 连接失败时不显示http错误 
     --ftp-create-dirs                          # 如果远程目录不存在，创建远程目录 
     --ftp-method \[multicwd/nocwd/singlecwd]   # 控制CWD的使用 
     --ftp-pasv                                 # 使用 PASV/EPSV 代替端口 
     --ftp-skip-pasv-ip                         # 使用PASV的时候,忽略该IP地址 
     --ftp-ssl                                  # 尝试用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 
     --ftp-ssl-reqd                             # 要求用 SSL/TLS 来进行ftp数据传输 
-F   --form                                     # 模拟http表单提交数据 
     --form-string                              # 模拟http表单提交数据 
-g   --globoff                                  # 禁用网址序列和范围使用{}和\[] 
-G   --get                                      # 以get的方式来发送数据 
-H   --header                                   # 自定义头信息传递给服务器 
     --ignore-content-length                    # 忽略的HTTP头信息的长度 
-i   --include                                  # 输出时包括protocol头信息 
-I   --head                                     # 只显示请求头信息 
-j   --junk-session-cookies                     # 读取文件进忽略session cookie 
     --interface                                # 使用指定网络接口/地址 
     --krb4                                     # 使用指定安全级别的krb4 
-k   --insecure                                 # 允许不使用证书到SSL站点 
-K   --config                                   # 指定的配置文件读取 
-l   --list-only                                # 列出ftp目录下的文件名称 
     --limit-rate                               # 设置传输速度 
     --local-port                               # 强制使用本地端口号 
-m   --max-time                                 # 设置最大传输时间 
     --max-redirs                               # 设置最大读取的目录数 
     --max-filesize                             # 设置最大下载的文件总量 
-M   --manual                                   # 显示全手动 
-n   --netrc                                    # 从netrc文件中读取用户名和密码 
     --netrc-optional                           # 使用 .netrc 或者 URL来覆盖-n 
     --ntlm                                     # 使用 HTTP NTLM 身份验证 
-N   --no-buffer                                # 禁用缓冲输出 
-o   --output                                   # 把输出写到该文件中 
-O   --remote-name                              # 把输出写到该文件中，保留远程文件的文件名 
-p   --proxytunnel                              # 使用HTTP代理 
     --proxy-anyauth                            # 选择任一代理身份验证方法 
     --proxy-basic                              # 在代理上使用基本身份验证 
     --proxy-digest                             # 在代理上使用数字身份验证 
     --proxy-ntlm                               # 在代理上使用ntlm身份验证 
-P   --ftp-port                                 # 使用端口地址，而不是使用PASV 
-q                                              # 作为第一个参数，关闭 .curlrc 
-Q   --quote                                    # 文件传输前，发送命令到服务器 
-r   --range                                    # 检索来自HTTP/1.1或FTP服务器字节范围 
--range-file                                    # 读取（SSL）的随机文件 
-R   --remote-time                              # 在本地生成文件时，保留远程文件时间 
     --retry                                    # 传输出现问题时，重试的次数 
     --retry-delay                              # 传输出现问题时，设置重试间隔时间 
     --retry-max-time                           # 传输出现问题时，设置最大重试时间 
-s   --silent                                   # 静默模式。不输出任何东西 
-S   --show-error                               # 显示错误 
     --socks4                                   # 用socks4代理给定主机和端口 
     --socks5                                   # 用socks5代理给定主机和端口 
     --stderr                                   #   
-t   --telnet-option                            # Telnet选项设置 
     --trace                                    # 对指定文件进行debug 
     --trace-ascii                              # Like --跟踪但没有hex输出 
     --trace-time                               # 跟踪/详细输出时，添加时间戳 
-T   --upload-file                              # 上传文件 
     --url <url>                                # 要使用的 URL
-u   --user                                     # 设置服务器的用户和密码 
-U   --proxy-user                               # 设置代理用户名和密码 
-w   --write-out \[format]                      # 什么输出完成后 
-x   --proxy                                    # 在给定的端口上使用HTTP代理 
-X   --request                                  # 指定什么命令 
-y   --speed-time                               # 放弃限速所要的时间，默认为30 
-Y   --speed-limit                              # 停止传输速度的限制，速度时间 

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<h3 id="实例"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#实例"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a>实例</h3>
<h4 id="文件下载"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#文件下载"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>文件下载</strong></h4>
<p>curl命令可以用来执行下载、发送各种HTTP请求，指定HTTP头部等操作。如果系统没有curl可以使用<code>yum install curl</code>安装，也可以下载安装。curl是将下载文件输出到stdout，将进度信息输出到stderr，不显示进度信息使用<code>--silent</code>选项。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> URL <span class="token parameter variable">--silent</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl URL --silent
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>这条命令是将下载文件输出到终端，所有下载的数据都被写入到stdout。</p>
<p>使用选项<code>-O</code>将下载的数据写入到文件，必须使用文件的绝对地址：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> http://example.com/text.iso <span class="token parameter variable">--silent</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-O</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl http://example.com/text.iso --silent -O
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>选项<code>-o</code>将下载数据写入到指定名称的文件中，并使用<code>--progress</code>显示进度条：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> http://example.com/test.iso <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> filename.iso <span class="token parameter variable">--progress</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment">######################################### 100.0%</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl http://example.com/test.iso -o filename.iso --progress
######################################### 100.0%
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="不输出错误和进度信息"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#不输出错误和进度信息"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>不输出错误和进度信息</strong></h4>
<p><code>-s</code> 参数将不输出错误和进度信息。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> https://www.example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令一旦发生错误，不会显示错误信息。不发生错误的话，会正常显示运行结果。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -s https://www.example.com
# 上面命令一旦发生错误，不会显示错误信息。不发生错误的话，会正常显示运行结果。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>如果想让 curl 不产生任何输出，可以使用下面的命令。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> /dev/null https://example.com
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -s -o /dev/null https://example.com
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="断点续传"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#断点续传"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>断点续传</strong></h4>
<p>curl能够从特定的文件偏移处继续下载，它可以通过指定一个偏移量来下载部分文件：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> URL/File <span class="token parameter variable">-C</span> 偏移量
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token comment">#偏移量是以字节为单位的整数，如果让curl自动推断出正确的续传位置使用-C -：</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-C</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-URL</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl URL/File -C 偏移量

#偏移量是以字节为单位的整数，如果让curl自动推断出正确的续传位置使用-C -：
curl -C -URL
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="使用curl设置参照页字符串"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用curl设置参照页字符串"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>使用curl设置参照页字符串</strong></h4>
<p>参照页是位于HTTP头部中的一个字符串，用来表示用户是从哪个页面到达当前页面的，如果用户点击网页A中的某个连接，那么用户就会跳转到B网页，网页B头部的参照页字符串就包含网页A的URL。</p>
<p>使用 <code>--referer</code> 选项指定参照页字符串：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--referer</span> http://www.example.com http://example.com
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl --referer http://www.example.com http://example.com
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="用curl设置用户代理字符串"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#用curl设置用户代理字符串"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>用curl设置用户代理字符串</strong></h4>
<p>有些网站访问会提示只能使用IE浏览器来访问，这是因为这些网站设置了检查用户代理，可以使用curl把用户代理设置为IE，这样就可以访问了。使用 <code>--user-agent</code> 或者 <code>-A</code> 选项：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> URL --user-agent <span class="token string">"Mozilla/5.0"</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">curl</span> URL <span class="token parameter variable">-A</span> <span class="token string">"Mozilla/5.0"</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl URL --user-agent &#x22;Mozilla/5.0&#x22;
curl URL -A &#x22;Mozilla/5.0&#x22;
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>其他HTTP头部信息也可以使用curl来发送，使用<code>-H</code>"头部信息" 传递多个头部信息，例如：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">"Host:example.com"</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">"accept-language:zh-cn"</span> URL
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -H &#x22;Host:example.com&#x22; -H &#x22;accept-language:zh-cn&#x22; URL
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="curl的带宽控制和下载配额"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#curl的带宽控制和下载配额"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>curl的带宽控制和下载配额</strong></h4>
<p>使用<code>--limit-rate</code>限制curl的下载速度：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> URL --limit-rate 50k
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl URL --limit-rate 50k
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>命令中用k（千字节）和m（兆字节）指定下载速度限制。</p>
<p>使用<code>--max-filesize</code>指定可下载的最大文件大小：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> URL --max-filesize bytes
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl URL --max-filesize bytes
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>如果文件大小超出限制，命令则返回一个非0退出码，如果命令正常则返回0。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> --limit-rate 200k https://example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令将带宽限制在每秒 200K 字节。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl --limit-rate 200k https://example.com
# 上面命令将带宽限制在每秒 200K 字节。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="用curl进行认证"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#用curl进行认证"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>用curl进行认证</strong></h4>
<p>使用curl选项 -u 可以完成HTTP或者FTP的认证，可以指定密码，也可以不指定密码在后续操作中输入密码：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-u</span> user:pwd http://example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-u</span> user http://example.com
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -u user:pwd http://example.com
curl -u user http://example.com
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="只打印响应头部信息"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#只打印响应头部信息"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>只打印响应头部信息</strong></h4>
<p>通过<code>-I</code>或者<code>-head</code>可以只打印出HTTP头部信息：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@localhost text<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># curl -I http://example.com</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">HTTP/1.1 <span class="token number">200</span> OK
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">Content-Encoding: <span class="token function">gzip</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">Accept-Ranges: bytes
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">Age: <span class="token number">275552</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">Cache-Control: max-age<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">604800</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">Content-Type: text/html<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">charset</span><span class="token operator">=</span>UTF-8
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">Date: Mon, <span class="token number">24</span> Apr <span class="token number">2023</span> <span class="token number">14</span>:39:36 GMT
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">Etag: <span class="token string">"3147526947+gzip"</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">Expires: Mon, 01 May <span class="token number">2023</span> <span class="token number">14</span>:39:36 GMT
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">Last-Modified: Thu, <span class="token number">17</span> Oct <span class="token number">2019</span> 07:18:26 GMT
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">Server: ECS <span class="token punctuation">(</span>sec/96EE<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13">X-Cache: HIT
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14">Content-Length: <span class="token number">648</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="[root@localhost text]# curl -I http://example.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Encoding: gzip
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Age: 275552
Cache-Control: max-age=604800
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2023 14:39:36 GMT
Etag: &#x22;3147526947+gzip&#x22;
Expires: Mon, 01 May 2023 14:39:36 GMT
Last-Modified: Thu, 17 Oct 2019 07:18:26 GMT
Server: ECS (sec/96EE)
X-Cache: HIT
Content-Length: 648
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="get-请求"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#get-请求"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>GET 请求</strong></h4>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token string">"http://www.example.com"</span>    <span class="token comment"># 如果这里的URL指向的是一个文件或者一幅图都可以直接下载到本地</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-i</span> <span class="token string">"http://www.example.com"</span> <span class="token comment"># 显示全部信息</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-l</span> <span class="token string">"http://www.example.com"</span> <span class="token comment"># 显示页面内容</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-v</span> <span class="token string">"http://www.example.com"</span> <span class="token comment"># 显示get请求全过程解析</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl &#x22;http://www.example.com&#x22;    # 如果这里的URL指向的是一个文件或者一幅图都可以直接下载到本地
curl -i &#x22;http://www.example.com&#x22; # 显示全部信息
curl -l &#x22;http://www.example.com&#x22; # 显示页面内容
curl -v &#x22;http://www.example.com&#x22; # 显示get请求全过程解析
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="post-请求"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#post-请求"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>POST 请求</strong></h4>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token string">"param1=value1&#x26;param2=value2"</span> <span class="token string">"http://www.example.com/login"</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">$ <span class="token function">curl</span> -d<span class="token string">'login=emma＆password=123'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-X</span> POST https://example.com/login
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token comment"># 或者</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token string">'login=emma'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token string">'password=123'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-X</span> POST  https://example.com/login
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="$ curl -d &#x22;param1=value1&#x26;param2=value2&#x22; &#x22;http://www.example.com/login&#x22;

$ curl -d&#x27;login=emma＆password=123&#x27; -X POST https://example.com/login
# 或者
$ curl -d &#x27;login=emma&#x27; -d &#x27;password=123&#x27; -X POST  https://example.com/login
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p><code>--data-urlencode</code> 参数等同于 <code>-d</code>，发送 <code>POST</code> 请求的数据体，区别在于会自动将发送的数据进行 <code>URL</code> 编码。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> --data-urlencode <span class="token string">'comment=hello world'</span> https://example.com/login
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面代码中，发送的数据hello world之间有一个空格，需要进行 URL 编码。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl --data-urlencode &#x27;comment=hello world&#x27; https://example.com/login
# 上面代码中，发送的数据hello world之间有一个空格，需要进行 URL 编码。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="发送本地文件中的文字"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#发送本地文件中的文字"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>发送本地文件中的文字</strong></h4>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token string">'@data.txt'</span> https://example.com/upload
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 读取data.txt文件的内容，作为数据体向服务器发送。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -d &#x27;@data.txt&#x27; https://example.com/upload
# 读取data.txt文件的内容，作为数据体向服务器发送。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="json-格式的-post-请求"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#json-格式的-post-请求"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>JSON 格式的 POST 请求</strong></h4>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-l</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">"Content-type: application/json"</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-X</span> POST <span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token string">'{"phone":"13888888888","password":"test"}'</span> http://example.com/apis/users.json
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -l -H &#x22;Content-type: application/json&#x22; -X POST -d &#x27;{&#x22;phone&#x22;:&#x22;13888888888&#x22;,&#x22;password&#x22;:&#x22;test&#x22;}&#x27; http://example.com/apis/users.json
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="向服务器发送-cookie"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#向服务器发送-cookie"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>向服务器发送 Cookie</strong></h4>
<p>使用<code>--cookie "COKKIES"</code>选项来指定cookie，多个cookie使用分号分隔：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> http://example.com <span class="token parameter variable">--cookie</span> <span class="token string">"user=root;pass=123456"</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl http://example.com --cookie &#x22;user=root;pass=123456&#x22;
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>将cookie另存为一个文件，使用<code>--cookie-jar</code>选项：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> URL --cookie-jar cookie_file
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl URL --cookie-jar cookie_file
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p><code>-b</code> 参数用来向服务器发送 Cookie。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-b</span> <span class="token string">'foo=bar'</span> https://example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令会生成一个标头Cookie: foo=bar，向服务器发送一个名为foo、值为bar的 Cookie。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -b &#x27;foo=bar&#x27; https://example.com
# 上面命令会生成一个标头Cookie: foo=bar，向服务器发送一个名为foo、值为bar的 Cookie。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-b</span> <span class="token string">'foo1=bar'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-b</span> <span class="token string">'foo2=baz'</span> https://example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令发送两个 Cookie。</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">```shell
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-b</span> cookies.txt https://www.example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令读取本地文件 cookies.txt，里面是服务器设置的 Cookie（参见-c参数），将其发送到服务器。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -b &#x27;foo1=bar&#x27; -b &#x27;foo2=baz&#x27; https://example.com
# 上面命令发送两个 Cookie。

&#x60;&#x60;&#x60;shell
curl -b cookies.txt https://www.example.com
# 上面命令读取本地文件 cookies.txt，里面是服务器设置的 Cookie（参见-c参数），将其发送到服务器。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="cookie-写入一个文件"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#cookie-写入一个文件"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>Cookie 写入一个文件</strong></h4>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-c</span> cookies.txt https://www.example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令将服务器的 HTTP 回应所设置 Cookie 写入文本文件cookies.txt。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -c cookies.txt https://www.example.com
# 上面命令将服务器的 HTTP 回应所设置 Cookie 写入文本文件cookies.txt。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="请求的来源"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#请求的来源"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>请求的来源</strong></h4>
<p><code>-e</code> 参数用来设置 <code>HTTP</code> 的标头 <code>Referer</code>，表示请求的来源。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'https://example.com?q=example'</span> https://www.example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令将Referer标头设为 https://example.com?q=example。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -e &#x27;https://example.com?q=example&#x27; https://www.example.com
# 上面命令将Referer标头设为 https://example.com?q=example。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p><code>-H</code> 参数可以通过直接添加标头 <code>Referer</code>，达到同样效果。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">'Referer: https://example.com?q=example'</span> https://www.example.com
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -H &#x27;Referer: https://example.com?q=example&#x27; https://www.example.com
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="上传二进制文件"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#上传二进制文件"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>上传二进制文件</strong></h4>
<p><code>-F</code> 参数用来向服务器上传二进制文件。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-F</span> <span class="token string">'file=@photo.png'</span> https://example.com/profile
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令会给 HTTP 请求加上标头 Content-Type: multipart/form-data ，然后将文件photo.png作为file字段上传。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -F &#x27;file=@photo.png&#x27; https://example.com/profile
# 上面命令会给 HTTP 请求加上标头 Content-Type: multipart/form-data ，然后将文件photo.png作为file字段上传。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p><code>-F</code> 参数可以指定 <code>MIME</code> 类型。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-F</span> <span class="token string">'file=@photo.png;type=image/png'</span> https://example.com/profile
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令指定 MIME 类型为image/png，否则 curl 会把 MIME 类型设为 application/octet-stream。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -F &#x27;file=@photo.png;type=image/png&#x27; https://example.com/profile
# 上面命令指定 MIME 类型为image/png，否则 curl 会把 MIME 类型设为 application/octet-stream。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p><code>-F</code> 参数也可以指定文件名。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-F</span> <span class="token string">'file=@photo.png;filename=me.png'</span> https://example.com/profile
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令中，原始文件名为photo.png，但是服务器接收到的文件名为me.png。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -F &#x27;file=@photo.png;filename=me.png&#x27; https://example.com/profile
# 上面命令中，原始文件名为photo.png，但是服务器接收到的文件名为me.png。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="设置请求头"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#设置请求头"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>设置请求头</strong></h4>
<p><code>-H</code> 参数添加 <code>HTTP</code> 请求的标头。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">'Accept-Language: en-US'</span> https://example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令添加 HTTP 标头 Accept-Language: en-US。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -H &#x27;Accept-Language: en-US&#x27; https://example.com
# 上面命令添加 HTTP 标头 Accept-Language: en-US。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">'Accept-Language: en-US'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">'Secret-Message: xyzzy'</span> https://example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令添加两个 HTTP 标头。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -H &#x27;Accept-Language: en-US&#x27; -H &#x27;Secret-Message: xyzzy&#x27; https://example.com
# 上面命令添加两个 HTTP 标头。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token string">'{"login": "emma", "pass": "123"}'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-H</span> <span class="token string">'Content-Type: application/json'</span> https://example.com/login
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令添加 HTTP 请求的标头是 Content-Type: application/json，然后用 -d 参数发送 JSON 数据。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -d &#x27;{&#x22;login&#x22;: &#x22;emma&#x22;, &#x22;pass&#x22;: &#x22;123&#x22;}&#x27; -H &#x27;Content-Type: application/json&#x27; https://example.com/login
# 上面命令添加 HTTP 请求的标头是 Content-Type: application/json，然后用 -d 参数发送 JSON 数据。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="跳过-ssl-检测"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#跳过-ssl-检测"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>跳过 SSL 检测</strong></h4>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-k</span> https://www.example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># 上面命令不会检查服务器的 SSL 证书是否正确。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -k https://www.example.com
# 上面命令不会检查服务器的 SSL 证书是否正确。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="请求跟随服务器的重定向"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#请求跟随服务器的重定向"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>请求跟随服务器的重定向</strong></h4>
<p><code>-L</code> 参数会让 <code>HTTP</code> 请求跟随服务器的重定向。<code>curl</code> 默认不跟随重定向。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-L</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-d</span> <span class="token string">'tweet=hi'</span> https://api.example.com/tweet
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -L -d &#x27;tweet=hi&#x27; https://api.example.com/tweet
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>值得注意的是，这种重定向方式不适用于在返回的 HTML 中的重定向，比如这种是不被 curl 识别的重定向(这部分内容由 <code>curl -v -L &#x3C;url></code> 生成)</p>
<pre><code class="language-curl code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">* Connected to example.com (*.*.*.*) port 80 (#0)
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">> GET / HTTP/1.1
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">> Host: example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">> User-Agent: curl/8.0.1
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">> Accept: */*
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">&#x3C; HTTP/1.1 200 OK
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">....
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">&#x3C; Content-Type: text/html
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">&#x3C;
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">&#x3C;html>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12">&#x3C;meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;url=http://www.example.com/">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13">&#x3C;/html>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14">
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="* Connected to example.com (*.*.*.*) port 80 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> Host: example.com
> User-Agent: curl/8.0.1
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
....
< Content-Type: text/html
<
<html>
<meta http-equiv=&#x22;refresh&#x22; content=&#x22;0;url=http://www.example.com/&#x22;>
</html>

" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="调试参数"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#调试参数"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>调试参数</strong></h4>
<p><code>-v</code> 参数输出通信的整个过程，用于调试。</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-v</span> https://www.example.com
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2"><span class="token comment"># --trace参数也可以用于调试，还会输出原始的二进制数据。</span>
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -v https://www.example.com
# --trace参数也可以用于调试，还会输出原始的二进制数据。
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--trace</span> - https://www.example.com
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl --trace - https://www.example.com
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="获取本机外网-ip"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#获取本机外网-ip"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>获取本机外网 IP</strong></h4>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> ipecho.net/plain
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl ipecho.net/plain
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="使用-curl-测试网站加载速度"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#使用-curl-测试网站加载速度"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>使用 curl 测试网站加载速度</strong></h4>
<p>命令有一个鲜为人知的选项，<code>-w</code>，该选项在请求结束之后打印本次请求的统计数据到标准输出。</p>
<p>首先，我们定义控制打印行为的格式化字符串。新建文本文件 <code>fmt.txt</code>，并填入下面的内容：</p>
<pre class="language-ruby"><code class="language-ruby code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">\n
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">Response <span class="token builtin">Time</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string-literal"><span class="token string">%{url_effective}</span></span>\n\n
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3"><span class="token constant">DNS</span> Lookup <span class="token builtin">Time</span><span class="token operator">:</span>\t\t<span class="token string-literal"><span class="token string">%{time_namelookup}</span></span>s\n
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">Redirection <span class="token builtin">Time</span><span class="token operator">:</span>\t\t<span class="token string-literal"><span class="token string">%{time_redirect}</span></span>s\n
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">Connection <span class="token builtin">Time</span><span class="token operator">:</span>\t\t<span class="token string-literal"><span class="token string">%{time_connect}</span></span>s\n
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">App Connection <span class="token builtin">Time</span><span class="token operator">:</span>\t\t<span class="token string-literal"><span class="token string">%{time_appconnect}</span></span>s\n
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">Pre<span class="token operator">-</span>transfer <span class="token builtin">Time</span><span class="token operator">:</span>\t\t<span class="token string-literal"><span class="token string">%{time_pretransfer}</span></span>s\n
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">Start<span class="token operator">-</span>transfer <span class="token builtin">Time</span><span class="token operator">:</span>\t\t<span class="token string-literal"><span class="token string">%{time_starttransfer}</span></span>s\n\n
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">Total <span class="token builtin">Time</span><span class="token operator">:</span>\t\t\t<span class="token string-literal"><span class="token string">%{time_total}</span></span>s\n
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="\n
Response Time for: %{url_effective}\n\n
DNS Lookup Time:\t\t%{time_namelookup}s\n
Redirection Time:\t\t%{time_redirect}s\n
Connection Time:\t\t%{time_connect}s\n
App Connection Time:\t\t%{time_appconnect}s\n
Pre-transfer Time:\t\t%{time_pretransfer}s\n
Start-transfer Time:\t\t%{time_starttransfer}s\n\n
Total Time:\t\t\t%{time_total}s\n
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>curl 提供了很多置换变量，可以在格式化字符串中通过 <code>%{var}</code> 的形式使用。完整的变量列表可以在 <code>curl</code> 的 <code>manpage</code> 中查看。简单介绍一下我们使用的这几个变量：</p>
<ul>
  <li><code>url_effective</code>: 执行完地址重定向之后的最终 URL；</li>
  <li><code>time_namelookup</code>: 从请求开始至完成名称解析所花的时间，单位为秒，下同；</li>
  <li><code>time_redirect</code>: 执行所有重定向所花的时间；</li>
  <li><code>time_connect</code>: 从请求开始至建立 TCP 连接所花的时间；</li>
  <li><code>time_appconnect</code>: 从请求开始至完成 SSL/SSH 握手所花的时间；</li>
  <li><code>time_pretransfer</code>: 从请求开始至服务器准备传送文件所花的时间，包含了传送协商时间；</li>
  <li><code>time_starttransfer</code>: 从请求开始至服务器准备传送第一个字节所花的时间；</li>
  <li><code>time_total</code>: 完整耗时。</li>
</ul>
<p>然后执行请求，通过 @filename 指定保存了格式化字符串的文件：</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1"><span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-L</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-s</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-w</span> @fmt.txt <span class="token parameter variable">-o</span> /dev/null http://www.example.com
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="curl -L -s -w @fmt.txt -o /dev/null http://www.example.com
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<p>输出：</p>
<pre class="language-c"><code class="language-c code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">Response Time <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token operator">:</span> http<span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token comment">//www.google.co.jp/?gfe_rd=cr&#x26;dcr=0&#x26;ei=cjIaWpTkHeiQ8QfnxYzoBA</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">DNS Lookup Time<span class="token operator">:</span>        <span class="token number">0.000038</span>s
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4">Redirection Time<span class="token operator">:</span>       <span class="token number">0.207271</span>s
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5">Connection Time<span class="token operator">:</span>        <span class="token number">0.000039</span>s
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">App Connection Time<span class="token operator">:</span>    <span class="token number">0.000039</span>s
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7">Pre<span class="token operator">-</span>transfer Time<span class="token operator">:</span>      <span class="token number">0.000067</span>s
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">Start<span class="token operator">-</span>transfer Time<span class="token operator">:</span>    <span class="token number">0.260115</span>s
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">Total Time<span class="token operator">:</span>             <span class="token number">0.467691</span>s
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="Response Time for: http://www.google.co.jp/?gfe_rd=cr&#x26;dcr=0&#x26;ei=cjIaWpTkHeiQ8QfnxYzoBA

DNS Lookup Time:        0.000038s
Redirection Time:       0.207271s
Connection Time:        0.000039s
App Connection Time:    0.000039s
Pre-transfer Time:      0.000067s
Start-transfer Time:    0.260115s

Total Time:             0.467691s
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
<h4 id="要求返回是压缩的状态"><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#要求返回是压缩的状态"><span class="octicon octicon-link"></span></a><strong>要求返回是压缩的状态</strong></h4>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line line-number" line="1">$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token parameter variable">--compressed</span> -o- <span class="token parameter variable">-L</span> https://yarnpkg.com/install.sh <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">bash</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="2">  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="3">                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="4"><span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">54</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">54</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">42</span>      <span class="token number">0</span>  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:01  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:01 --:--:--    <span class="token number">42</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="5"><span class="token number">100</span>  <span class="token number">2341</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>  <span class="token number">2341</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>   <span class="token number">1202</span>      <span class="token number">0</span>  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:01  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:01 --:--:--  <span class="token number">9289</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="6">Installing Yarn<span class="token operator">!</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="7"><span class="token operator">></span> Downloading tarball<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="8">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="9"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>/2<span class="token punctuation">]</span>: https://yarnpkg.com/latest.tar.gz --<span class="token operator">></span> /var/folders/j7/3xly5sk567s65ny5dnr__3b80000gn/T/yarn.tar.gz.XXXXXXXXXX.9hJsBsrA
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="10">  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="11">                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="12"><span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">57</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">57</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">72</span>      <span class="token number">0</span> --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--    <span class="token number">72</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="13"><span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">93</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">93</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">63</span>      <span class="token number">0</span>  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:01  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:01 --:--:--    <span class="token number">63</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="14"><span class="token number">100</span>   <span class="token number">643</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>   <span class="token number">643</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>    <span class="token number">248</span>      <span class="token number">0</span>  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:02  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:02 --:--:--   <span class="token number">707</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="15"><span class="token number">100</span> 1215k  <span class="token number">100</span> 1215k    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>   153k      <span class="token number">0</span>  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:07  <span class="token number">0</span>:00:07 --:--:--  305k
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="16">
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="17"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2</span>/2<span class="token punctuation">]</span>: https://yarnpkg.com/latest.tar.gz.asc --<span class="token operator">></span> /var/folders/j7/3xly5sk567s65ny5dnr__3b80000gn/T/yarn.tar.gz.XXXXXXXXXX.9hJsBsrA.asc
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="18"><span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">61</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">61</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>    <span class="token number">356</span>      <span class="token number">0</span> --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   <span class="token number">356</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="19"><span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">97</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>    <span class="token number">97</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>    <span class="token number">325</span>      <span class="token number">0</span> --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   <span class="token number">325</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="20"><span class="token number">100</span>   <span class="token number">647</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>   <span class="token number">647</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>   <span class="token number">1283</span>      <span class="token number">0</span> --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  <span class="token number">1283</span>
</span><span class="code-line line-number" line="21"><span class="token number">100</span>   <span class="token number">832</span>  <span class="token number">100</span>   <span class="token number">832</span>    <span class="token number">0</span>     <span class="token number">0</span>   <span class="token number">1107</span>      <span class="token number">0</span> --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  812k
</span></code><div onclick="copied(this)" data-code="$ curl --compressed -o- -L https://yarnpkg.com/install.sh | bash
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100    54  100    54    0     0     42      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--    42
100  2341  100  2341    0     0   1202      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--  9289
Installing Yarn!
> Downloading tarball...

[1/2]: https://yarnpkg.com/latest.tar.gz --> /var/folders/j7/3xly5sk567s65ny5dnr__3b80000gn/T/yarn.tar.gz.XXXXXXXXXX.9hJsBsrA
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100    57  100    57    0     0     72      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--    72
100    93  100    93    0     0     63      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--    63
100   643  100   643    0     0    248      0  0:00:02  0:00:02 --:--:--   707
100 1215k  100 1215k    0     0   153k      0  0:00:07  0:00:07 --:--:--  305k

[2/2]: https://yarnpkg.com/latest.tar.gz.asc --> /var/folders/j7/3xly5sk567s65ny5dnr__3b80000gn/T/yarn.tar.gz.XXXXXXXXXX.9hJsBsrA.asc
100    61  100    61    0     0    356      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   356
100    97  100    97    0     0    325      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   325
100   647  100   647    0     0   1283      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  1283
100   832  100   832    0     0   1107      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  812k
" class="copied"><svg class="octicon-copy" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 6.75C0 5.784.784 5 1.75 5h1.5a.75.75 0 010 1.5h-1.5a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-1.5a.75.75 0 011.5 0v1.5A1.75 1.75 0 019.25 16h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 010 14.25v-7.5z"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h7.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0114.25 11h-7.5A1.75 1.75 0 015 9.25v-7.5zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 00-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h7.5a.25.25 0 00.25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 00-.25-.25h-7.5z"></path></svg><svg class="octicon-check" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="12" width="12"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M13.78 4.22a.75.75 0 010 1.06l-7.25 7.25a.75.75 0 01-1.06 0L2.22 9.28a.75.75 0 011.06-1.06L6 10.94l6.72-6.72a.75.75 0 011.06 0z"></path></svg></div></pre>
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